PTFE has a very low coefficient of friction and is an excellent anti-friction and self-lubricating material. In order to overcome its shortcomings of cold flow, large thermal expansion coefficient, and poor thermal conductivity, it is usually to add an appropriate amount of various fillers to polytetrafluoroethylene to form filled polytetrafluoroethylene. The most commonly used fillers are glass fiber, graphite, etc. Filled PTFE sealing rings of mechanical seals are often used in aggressive media environments.
Materials used for friction pairs of mechanical seals include cast iron, carbon steel, chromium steel, chromium-nickel steel, chromium-nickel-molybdenum steel, tool steel, bearing steel, bronze, etc. The earliest friction pair material for mechanical seals in China's oil refining industry was cast iron versus graphite. Cast iron has good anti-friction and wear-resistant properties, and is low in price and easy to process and manufacture. Ordinary cast iron has poor corrosion resistance and is only suitable for oil and neutral media. Alloyed cast iron formed by adding alloying elements improves corrosion resistance and can be used in many working conditions. Some mechanical seals of a well-known international company use alloy cast iron as the non-rotating ring, and the effect is very good.

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