What properties should be considered when selecting the friction pair （end face）materials of the mechanical seals

What are the main properties of friction pair materials of mechanical seals? This article tries to discuss it. 
1.1 Physical and mechanical properties: strength, stiffness, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, corrosion resistance, tribological properties.

1.2 Corrosion resistance: Among the mechanical seal end face materials, from the perspective of corrosion resistance, excellent materials include graphite materials, engineering ceramic materials, glass fiber filled PTFE materials, etc. It is worth noting that many metal materials with excellent corrosion resistance, such as Hastelloy B and Hastelloy C, are not suitable for use as friction pairs, because they are not accompanied by good tribological properties.

1.3 Tribological properties: Friction, wear and lubrication are important parameters for evaluating the tribological performance of the friction pair material of a mechanical seal. The friction coefficient f and the wear rate can reflect the lubrication state of the end face. If the lubrication state is good, the friction coefficient is small and the wear rate is low; On the contrary，the friction coefficient is large and the wear rate is high. At this time, the life of the mechanical seal is short, and the end face heats up severely, and the liquid film vaporizes. In severe cases, the end face will be thermally cracked, resulting in rapid failure of the mechanical seal. Obtaining a low coefficient of friction depends on the self-lubricating ability of the material itself and the lubrication conditions provided by the outside environment.

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